Improperly installed ventilation in the bathroom leads to the formation of fungus and mold in the room. As a result, bathroom owners get spoiled finishing materials and an aesthetically unattractive appearance of the room. Therefore, the proper organization of the ventilation system in the bathroom should be given special attention, we will consider how to make ventilation in the bathroom further.

Bathroom ventilation: requirements and functions

The process of installing ventilation in the bathroom, first of all, is to check the existing ventilation system for performance. Proper air exchange in the room is very important not only for finishing the walls and maintaining their attractiveness, but above all for human health. Since a properly organized microclimate improves the general condition and well-being of the people living in it.

A bathroom is a closed room, which is under the periodic influence of moisture, requiring indispensable removal. To check an existing system for proper operation, you should set fire to an ordinary match and bring it to the ventilation duct grate. If the flame goes out, then the system is working properly, otherwise, it needs to be adjusted. The same should be done with a small piece of paper. If the paper near the grate sticks to it, then the system is in good condition. If problems are found in the performance of the ventilation system, first of all, it is necessary to clean the existing fans and ventilation ducts.

For proper organization of ventilation in the bathroom, care should be taken to install an exhaust fan of the required power. Before installing an exhaust fan, we recommend doing the following to improve an existing ventilation system:

1. Install the fan in the ventilation duct.

2. Install the fan on the surface of the exhaust shaft located on the roof.

3. It is possible to install a ventilation valve in a window.

4. To improve the heating in the bathroom and to remove excess moisture, heated towel rails, warm water floor systems or conventional radiators are installed.

Varieties of ventilation in the bathroom

In relation to air exchange, ventilation in the bathroom is:

• natural;
• forced.

The first option involves the removal and circulation of air in a natural way. For this, doors, open windows are used. The air moves from the bathroom to the outside through the difference in pressure. Improved double-glazed windows, which have high tightness, contribute to the violation of natural ventilation. To solve this problem, it is recommended to purchase windows and doors that have parts for microcirculation.

The second option is artificial ventilation, which is created by installing a fan in the bathroom that promotes air circulation. The main function of this system is the rarefaction of air, that is, pulling it out into the street, and the new air enters the bathroom from the adjacent room. With the help of a forced ventilation system, it is possible to get rid of not only the high humidity in the bathroom, but also the unpleasant smell in the room.

In relation to the purpose of ventilation, it happens:

• exhaust;
• supply;
• combined.

The first option involves the removal of air by ventilation ducts. The second type of ventilation is based on ensuring the entry of new air into the room, with the help of which a high pressure is created in the air, which removes the old air through the ventilation ducts.

The combined option involves the use of the first two types of ventilation in the same room.

Depending on the design features, ventilation in the bathroom can be:

• channel;
• channelless.

With the help of duct-type ventilation, rooms that need intensive air purification from high moisture, steam or foreign odors are cleaned.

The channelless version of ventilation involves its supply with wall holes that have already been installed in the room.

How to check the ventilation system for performance

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the instructions for checking the ventilation in the bathroom:

1. Open the window and doors in the bathroom.

2. Take a thin sheet of paper, in the form of a napkin.

3. Install it over an existing vent.

4. If the sheet is firmly attached to its surface, then the system is working properly.

Otherwise, remove the fan and check the air duct for debris or other objects.

Instead of a napkin, use matches, lighters or candles. They should dodge at an angle to the shaft. It is not recommended to check on a very hot day, since the air is quite heavy at this time, and even a working system will not show the correct result.

In order to find out about the need to make micro-ventilation niches in doors or windows, repeat the above steps with closed windows and vents.

In the absence of air flow, small grilles are installed on the window or door.

Tip: Even if natural ventilation works flawlessly, it is recommended to install forced ventilation in the bathroom, which will speed up the process of removing moisture from the room and help maintain the integrity of the repair.

Do-it-yourself ventilation in the bathroom: choosing a fan

In relation to the installation method, fans are:

• channel - installed in duct systems;
• radial - mounted on the outlet part of the air systems, it is distinguished by an aesthetically attractive body.

In relation to the design features, fans are:

• axial;
• diametrical;
• centrifugal;
• axial centrifugal.

The first version of the fan involves the injection of axial flow with the help of blades, thus it will be possible to create a pressure of more than 40 Pa. This type of fan is suitable for installation in a ductless system.

Among the advantages of axial fans it should be noted:

• affordable cost;
• ease of installation;
• high efficiency.

Among the shortcomings noted high noise performance, low pressure.

The second version of the fan is distinguished by the presence of an impeller in the form of a drum. However, such fans do not have high efficiency.

The centrifugal type fan features a spiral housing that helps to achieve high performance, but at the same time produces quite little noise.

Among the advantages we note:

• high cost;
• installation in channels whose length is more than 500 cm;
• high power;
• low noise level.

Centrifugal axial fans are small in size, low in noise and have excellent performance.

Buying a fan is a rather complicated process, during which, first of all, you need to pay attention to its power. The optimal power indicator for a standard bathroom is a value of one hundred cubic meters in 60 minutes.

However, this figure is average. When choosing power, you should be guided by such factors:

• the number of people living in the house;
• room size;
• the number of windows and doors in the bathroom and their size;
• availability of additional natural ventilation;
• frequency of use of the bathroom.

In addition, an important factor is the level of noise that the fan reproduces. The most comfortable indicator is forty decibels.

There are fans with additional functions in the form of a timer, automatic on and off. If there are additional funds, it is possible to purchase them, since the use of such a fan brings maximum comfort.

A hydrostat is a device that turns the fan on and off when there is a high level of humidity in the room.

Some types of fans are equipped with special protection against moisture ingress, which has the designation IP, the moisture resistance of the device depends on the value of the number after the marking.

If you plan to install a fan near a shower or bath, it is recommended to choose a device with the highest protection class. The case of such a fan provides reliable protection of the engine from moisture, thus improving the life of the fan.

The scheme of ventilation in the bathroom, its arrangement

Most often, ventilation ducts are equipped on the walls or ceiling. In the absence of air ducts, they must first be built in order to install a fan.

• install the hood so that it is located opposite the door, so you can increase the air circulation in the room, otherwise, the air currents will move very slowly;
• further actions should be aimed at cleaning the existing duct from debris;
• if there is a hole that is too narrow, take care to expand it with a perforator; if the hole, on the contrary, is large enough, then a plastic fan pipe should be installed for its equipment, which is fixed in it with cement mortar;
• to close the cavities in the pipe, it is enough to use mounting foam;
• keep in mind that the hood deepens completely in the hole, only the grate remains on the wall, behind which it is hidden;
• for mounting the hood, self-tapping screws, dowels or sealant-based materials are used, the latter option is the most successful, as it is able to dampen the vibrations that occur during the operation of the device;
• the hood must be connected to the electrical network, so a special cable is connected to it, the energy supply direction;
• it is possible to equip an automatic hood, which works only when the light is turned on.

Ventilation in the bathroom in a private house: work in the space under the ceiling

If the ceiling in the bathroom is suspended or false panels, stretch ceilings and other types of materials were used for its decoration, as a result of which the subceiling space increased, then it is recommended to equip ventilation during the repair of the room.

When the ventilation hole is located below the false ceiling, a small hole should be arranged in the subceiling space, with a grate attached to it, with the help of which moisture from this area will be removed into the room.

If there is ventilation in the subceiling space, in order to organize air circulation between the main ceiling and the suspended or stretch material, care should be taken to arrange several gratings that will remove excess moisture.

In addition, the arrangement of a small gap, right above the surface of the door, is welcome, it will help improve natural ventilation and extend the life of the ceiling.

Tip: Some bathroom owners remove thresholds to improve ventilation. It is categorically not recommended to do this, since it is the threshold that protects other rooms from water, in the event of malfunctions leading to a flood.

Please note that any ventilation system needs careful maintenance, the fan and its grill require frequent washing, as a large amount of dust accumulates on their surface. If the fan malfunctions, it should be checked for corrosion due to high humidity.

Ventilation in the apartment in the bathroom and how to arrange it

For the installation of ventilation in the bathroom in the apartment, it is not required to construct air ducts, since they are necessarily present in it.

Installing a fan, in this case, involves only mounting the device itself on the surface of the duct.

If there is a channel in the toilet, between which there is a wall and the bathroom, one or two holes should be made in it to help the air circulate evenly.

Please note that some ventilation systems are characterized by the presence of special passages that provide both natural and forced ventilation. This option is the most appropriate, as it has a good performance.

If there is no ventilation duct in the room, care should be taken to bring a special box to it, in which the hood will be installed.

In relation to the design features, ventilation ducts are:

• made of plastic - they have a round or rectangular cross section, are characterized by low noise output, transport air well and are easy to install;
• corrugated boxes are of two types: hard or soft, used with a small distance between the ventilation duct or bath.

After mounting the box, a fan is installed in it and checked for operability.

In each private residential building or apartment, ventilation is required in the bathroom and toilet. These two rooms, which have a sanitary and hygienic purpose, have a humid microclimate, burdened by sudden temperature changes and the presence of unpleasant odors.

In the absence of windows and a small area of ​​​​rooms, the air inside them stagnates, leading to wear and tear of the finish, the formation of dampness, and the spread of fungus. These problems are solved by the installation of ventilation equipment, which will force the air to circulate forcibly. This article will tell you what a ventilation system is, what requirements are placed on it, and also how to make it yourself.

The need for ventilation

The bathroom and toilet in each apartment are problem areas, the microclimate of which often leads to intensive wear of the interior decoration. When taking a bath or using a shower, a large amount of hot steam saturated with moisture is generated inside the bathroom, which condenses on the surface of the ceiling, walls or furniture.

This situation leads to the formation of increased humidity inside the bathroom and toilet, which can only be eliminated by properly equipped ventilation. If the system exists and works correctly, the air flows from the room are led to the street through a channel or shaft. The ventilation device consists of the following elements:

Note! The ventilation scheme in the bathroom or bathroom can be natural or forced. If no additional devices are used to remove air, the ventilation system is called natural. It should provide effective ventilation of the room due to the draft in the channel, if this does not happen, you can install fans with your own hands, increasing the draft.

Kinds

Ventilation in the bathroom and toilet can be exhaust, supply and combined. The exhaust scheme provides for the presence of a channel that removes "exhaust" air with a high moisture content to the outside. The device of the supply system is different in that it takes in atmospheric air, which increases the pressure inside the room, displacing warm and humid steam.

The combined ventilation scheme combines the air intake from the street with the outlet ventilation duct. The standard ventilation system that apartments in typical high-rise buildings are equipped with is exhaust. It has the following varieties:

Experienced craftsmen say, no matter what scheme of ventilation of the room is used, you need to monitor its condition. To check the effectiveness, you need to do a simple test: bring a lit candle to the ventilation grill, if the flame does not deviate towards the channel, then there is no draft in the system. To increase traction, you can make forced ventilation with your own hands.

Requirements

Ventilation in the bathroom and toilet is a finely organized system, on the work of which the microclimate of these premises depends. The cause of problems in the functioning of equipment is most often errors in the design and installation of do-it-yourself. Experienced craftsmen advise to clean the ventilation duct before changing the device of the system. The following requirements are imposed on the design of ventilation in a sanitary room:

Requirements for the bathroom ventilation system are regulated by SNiP 41-01-2003. This regulation describes the maximum content of dust, carbon dioxide and the rate of air exchange. If the air in the sanitary rooms does not meet the requirements, it is necessary to clean the ventilation duct and assess whether additional equipment is required.

Video instruction

The bathroom is a high humidity area, and the bathroom often has condensation due to the high temperature of the water during bathing. In order to keep dry walls, floor and ceiling in the room, it is important to ventilate the room well, otherwise mold will begin to develop, and being in the bathroom will be not only unpleasant, but also dangerous. By properly equipping the ventilation system, you can save yourself from the unpleasant consequences of its absence.

Peculiarities

Any room in an apartment or house should not only be habitable, but also be used with comfort. So, if there are no windows in the living room, then the air there will be stale and stale, which will contribute to the development of pathogens, and the person who lives there will constantly get sick.

It is equally important to make sure that the stay in the toilet and shower is just as comfortable. The bathroom can be both combined and separate, which, in turn, implies a different ventilation device. The hood for the bathroom and toilet must effectively cope with its task, providing intensive air exchange and a constant temperature in the room. Ventilation is especially important in environments with high levels of humidity, because constant contact with water spoils any coating of walls, floors or ceilings and causes the appearance of unwanted microorganisms on it, which adversely affect human health.

In the toilet, an exhaust hood is needed to effectively remove unpleasant odors, which is very important for this room, especially in an apartment. Whatever room we are talking about, it is necessary to create optimal conditions for the existence of a person of any age.

You can take care of the ventilation system yourself or with the help of professionals.

Kinds

Based on the various configurations of the premises in an apartment or house, their dimensions, there are several options for ventilation that can be installed in them. The simplest will be natural ventilation, which is laid during the construction of housing, but if desired, it can be done or upgraded later. Such a system helps to promote air masses, effectively updating them indoors, without requiring the installation of any electrical equipment.

The principle of its operation is that air ducts leading to the roof are installed on top of the room., the hot air in the room rises and enters these hidden paths due to the temperature difference. This principle is called convection and works quite effectively if the temperature is different in the room and on the street.

When creating such an extract, it is necessary to provide for some nuances.

• The air duct must be placed vertically. Each room in the room should have its own shaft.
• If the premises are located nearby and have similar specifics in the form of high humidity, a large temperature difference and a strong smell, then they can be combined with one ventilation shaft.
• The natural type of ventilation at a neutral temperature has a small draft, therefore it is desirable to make air ducts with smooth walls.
• Being engaged in the installation of ventilation on your own, it is better to make sure that there are no sharp corners that impede the passage of air and its removal to the outside.
• One-story houses should have a wiring near the ceiling, which goes to the attic and is displayed on the roof.

The air that is removed from the room has a certain tension and circulation, which is called traction force.

There are several ways to check the ventilation performance.

• Bring a match to the ventilation. If there is movement of the flame, then the ventilation is working fully.
• Take a sheet of paper and bring it to the ventilation. If he stays on it, then the traction is good, if he falls, then the air is removed badly. The indicators will be inaccurate if the air temperature in the room and on the street is approximately equal.

If natural ventilation is inefficient, it is advisable to use an enhanced version. Forced ventilation involves the presence of an electrical device in the form of a fan. Ceiling ventilation of this type must be equipped with a suitable apparatus that can cope with a given amount of air masses. For such a device, it is enough to have one channel in the room, through which all the polluted air from the room will be removed. To calculate the optimal power of the device, you need to multiply the volume of the room, where the length is multiplied by the width and height of the room, by the frequency of use, which varies from 5 to 10, which is dictated by the number of people living in the room and using the bath, toilet or kitchen.

With a minimum number of residents, the coefficient is five, then it increases relative to the residents of an apartment or house.

Using forced fans in the bathroom can be dangerous, because the contact of electrical appliances with moisture can cause a short circuit. In order not to risk the performance of the device and the safety of residents, it is necessary to install moisture-resistant fans.

When choosing a fan, it is important to pay attention to various indicators.

• The presence of a humidity sensor, which itself calculates the moment to turn on when the humidity threshold has been overcome. This type of inclusion helps to significantly save on electricity.
• Fans with a timer allow you to set the time for turning on the ventilation, so as not to waste time on this, but to actively use the room under optimal and comfortable conditions.
• With the presence of a motion sensor that activates the fan if there is someone in the room.
• A device with a non-return valve to prevent the entry of polluted air from the environment into the room.

Modern devices can be equipped with smart technologies that have many functions and are easy to operate. Smart ventilation allows you to achieve the desired result even for people with disabilities. Exhaust ventilation can have an autonomous version and be located in the ventilation shaft of the bathroom, in the kitchen window or any other place where it can bring air from the room to the street. The operation of such a device is carried out on batteries, which means that there is no risk of a short circuit and a threat to humans.

Such a portable hood will be a very convenient option for those who smoke, because it will help to effectively get rid of tobacco smoke and quickly clean the air in the room.

How it works?

Thinking about installing a fan in an air duct, you need to decide on the need for this device. If the hood copes with its work, then it makes no sense to mount additional devices.

To understand how efficiently ventilation works, you can look at the following indicators:

• how sweaty the windows and mirrors in the bathroom are during the shower;
• damp background of the room, slow process of drying towels;
• the beginning of the development of the fungus in the seams of the tiles, in the corner of the room and on the ceiling.

Mold and fungus not only destroy the finish of the room, but also negatively affect the health of the inhabitants of the apartment or house.

Checking if the ventilation is pulling air out of the room is simple - for this you can take a match and watch the movement of the flame. If it does not move, then the air duct is clogged and needs to be cleaned. With a weak movement, a weak draft can be observed, which indicates the need to install a fan. It is important to carry out such a check in optimal conditions, when cold air is blowing outside and the house is warm. It is under these conditions that there is traction and one can judge the state of the ventilation shafts. Ventilation must cope with a given amount of air in the room, so it is important to choose sufficiently powerful devices.

If you install a forced fan, you can clearly hear its noise when it is turned on. It buzzes quite noisily in case of incorrect installation, but if everything is done correctly, the sound will be almost inaudible. The noise threshold for a bathroom is 25 dB. Noise can also occur due to the strong power of the device and the high speed of the blades. When making a choice in favor of a particular product, it is important to pay attention to power indicators, because they will affect the air exchange rate, and, importantly, the performance of additional functions, such as a timer or motion sensor.

Which is better?

In order to make the right choice and install the right fan, it is important to know what exactly you need to pay attention to:

• Availability of certificates and quality assurance. The device must be safe and do its job well.
• The electrical parts of the hood must be placed in a plastic housing that protects them from moisture and steam.
• The optimal power level to quickly remove all the air in the room, refreshing it. If the bathroom is shared, then the hood should be more powerful in order to serve two rooms at once.

• Fans of modern technology will like fans with a variety of sensors, a timer.
• It is important to correlate the size of the exhaust hole with the dimensions of the fan itself, so that it enters it, but does not hang out at the same time.
• The choice of ventilation devices is best made among the range of well-known brands that have proven themselves in the market.
• The selection of the fan is also carried out taking into account the noise of the device, which should not be higher than 25 decibels.
• Selection of a good device at the best price.

The most favorable fan option would be a device that runs on ball bearings., which makes them quiet and maximizes its lifespan. It is most convenient to use a fan with a motion and humidity sensor, which turns on itself at the right time, which does not require any human intervention and provides the latter with a comfortable use of the room.

The presence of a non-return valve greatly facilitates the care of the room, because no debris, dust and any small particles enter it from the outside, while everything unnecessary, harmful, and foul-smelling is constantly removed.

Self-manufacturing

If you need to install a fan in the bathroom with your own hands, then the easiest way is to purchase a suitable device for this, place it in the ventilation shaft, connect it to electricity and fix it to the wall. If possible, it is better to buy a fan that is equipped with a humidity sensor, which ensures that it turns on at the right time. The apartment usually provides for special air ducts, in which a grid is mounted for natural ventilation or a fan for forced ventilation. If there is no such design, then it must be done independently, making it in a wall opening or in the ceiling. This is true for a private house, which was built as a country house and did not involve a year-round stay.

If the bathroom has a window, this is already an opportunity to ventilate the space., but it is much more efficient to add an electrical appliance to it to quickly pump out air and saturate the room with freshness. In cases where there is no ventilation and even a window is not provided, the shaft will exit through the wall of the house along the top, towards the roof. Having mounted all the structures, you need to check how well the air flows through them, and only after that mount the fan itself. In the process of work, something can clog the channel or partially clog it, therefore it is important to check the patency of both home-made air ducts and those that were provided during construction.

The selection of the fan is made according to the existing hole in the wall. If they do not match, then you will either have to expand it or compact it. Installation is done by removing the grille and fixing all the necessary wires. You can fix the equipment with self-tapping screws or liquid nails. When everything is ready, it is necessary to install the grate in place and cover the joint between the fan and the wall with sealant.

By correctly installing the fan, you can make your stay in the bathroom comfortable and enjoyable, ensuring the safety of all coatings for a person and extending their life.

Materials and accessories

Ventilation for the bathroom and toilet may be ready-made and located in the wall, or it may be absent, then you need to mount it yourself. The choice of materials in this case plays a big role. Air ducts can have a different appearance, be round or straight. The main material for their manufacture is steel, it can have different thicknesses depending on what temperature the air will have and how much it will move.

The main parts are pipelines for the passage of air, but besides them, it is also important to use shaped parts, due to which turns and bends of structures are formed. For areas where the ventilation shaft runs from the outside, copper, textile and plastic parts can be used, which will not only have a high quality factor, but also a decorative effect.

To fix the air channels, you can use a flange, bandage, socket or sleeve. Having drawn up a plan for future ventilation and having decided on the type of fastening and future materials, you can get to work. The next important step will be the selection of the fan itself and its components.

Each ventilation system designed to purify the air must have a filter, which can be of several types:

• dry porous;
• porous wetted;
• electric.

The choice of one or another option is dictated by the amount of dust that the ventilation systems must catch and hold.

Another accessory is a silencer, which allows you to make the operation of the fan less noticeable and louder. Usually they are made of tin in the form of two cylinders, which are separated by an absorbent material. In some cases, it is advisable to install dampers that let air in when they open and stop when they close.

By itself, a fan for a bathroom or toilet can be of four types.

• Axial. Used in apartments and houses, it has high efficiency with a relatively simple installation.
• Centrifugal. They are used in large industrial facilities, because the ventilation capacity of this device is very powerful and can process a huge air flow using the same energy resource.

• Channel. Installed in the duct itself. These devices have a humidity and shutdown sensor. Most often, the device is placed in a plastic case, which makes it possible to use it in a sauna or pool.
• Domestic. Serves for serving the kitchen or bathroom in the apartments. For such rooms, it is recommended to choose a device equipped with a non-return valve, which will not allow air from the toilet or kitchen to enter other rooms.

Based on the room, its dimensions and the preparation of the ventilation shaft, you can choose the right fan, and if necessary, make an air duct.

Installation process

To install a fan, you must follow certain instructions. Often, on the package itself with a fan, there are already some recommendations on how to properly install it. However, before you can mount something, you need to check the operability of the ventilation shaft, whether it copes well with air intake and whether it fully removes it from the room. If any problems with the air flow are found, the channels must be carefully checked and cleaned.

To install the fan, the first step is to remove the decorative grille., then try on the fan to a specific duct. It is important to fix the device in the hole with sealant or special glue, but the most reliable option is to use self-tapping screws. Once the main fastening has been done, it is important to take care that there are no small flaws left. Once everything is finished, you can put the grate in place and check the performance of the device.

If there is no ventilation shaft in the room, then it must be organized at least at a height of two meters. It is advisable to place the outlet opposite the doors or diagonally from them. This will help create the necessary air flow for active ventilation of the space. Fan performance can be selected as desired. It can turn on automatically if it has the appropriate devices, or you can activate it by turning on the switch on the fan itself or combined with the light in the bathroom.

The choice of fan must be justified so that its power is enough for the bathroom, and the design of the lattice is selected based on the appearance of the space to emphasize its style and complement it if necessary. By installing such a device, you can extend the safety of all coatings in the bathroom and ensure comfortable and safe use of both the bath and the toilet.

If the fan is installed correctly, then there should be no problems with its operation, and it will effectively cope with the amount of air intended for it in the room. However, if mistakes were made during the installation process or the work was carried out by an unskilled craftsman without due attention, then the first problems may appear very soon.

Before installing the fan in the shaft, it is important to check the draft in it. If it is not there or it is weak, it is advisable to clean the entire system, otherwise the problem will only worsen over time, and to clean the moves, it will be necessary to dismantle the fan. When checking the draft, it is important to do two tests at once - one with the doors and windows open, the second with the doors closed to cut off access to a source of fresh air.

A combined bathroom with a toilet requires a more powerful apparatus, therefore it is important to correctly calculate the power of the device when choosing it. Knowing the area of ​​​​the entire bathroom, you can decide on the type of fan. Often, more powerful units are also larger, because they need to pump many times more air volume. When choosing a fan size, it is important to know the size of the ventilation shaft opening in advance so that you do not have to expand it or put something to fix it.

If, over time, when the fan is turned on, problems begin to appear and the device does not work, you need to check the wires and the switch, if it is a trigger element. When installing the fan, it is advisable to securely fasten all cables so that they do not unwind over time, because during operation there is a slight surface fluctuation that can affect them, because over time the contacts will loosen and move away.

Proper height and location can guarantee optimal fan performance, and the cleaned air paths will allow free passage of air from the room outside it and replace it with fresh and clean air.

When choosing a fan, it is important to pay attention to many details. If a bathroom is chosen as the installation site, then the humidity level in it will be quite high, therefore it is necessary to look for markings with the letters IP, which indicate additional protection of the case from moisture and are ready for moist air masses that will pass through it.

As for power, it is recommended not to take devices with parameters less than 100 m3 / h. To save energy, the most relevant will be models equipped with a motion sensor, which turns on the device when someone appears in the bathroom or toilet and turns it off when the object disappears. If there is a desire to use the fan only if necessary, then it is better to choose a device with a humidity sensor in the room, then the fan will start its work as soon as the norm level is exceeded, and stop when the air is fresh and clean.

If you want to take a shower in a well-ventilated area, you can set a timer to turn on the fan automatically, which will turn itself off at a predetermined time by the owner himself. When choosing a fan for high-rise buildings, it is very important to check the presence of a check valve that will block foreign debris and dirty air from letting it into the apartment.

Only careful selection of the device can ensure the comfort of living in an apartment or house. and the use of the bathroom and toilet in compliance with all standards of humidity, air purity and the complete absence of harmful factors that appear when such standards are not observed.

On the secrets of installing the hood in the bathroom and toilet, see below.

High-quality ventilation in the bathroom and toilet is an integral element of the comfort and cleanliness of these premises. Unlike other rooms, they put forward increased requirements for convenience and accuracy.

The intended purpose of such sanitary facilities implies the need to constantly maintain cleanliness close to ideal. The ventilation system plays one of the leading roles in this process.

Cleanliness and freshness of the air is an indisputable condition for a comfortable stay in the room. But if in living rooms this condition is quite simple to observe with the help of ventilation through the windows, then in the toilet and bathroom there are some difficulties with it. Not every bathroom in a private house can boast of having a sufficient window opening. Features of the location of the premises in the apartment rarely imply the presence of a window as such.

Typical multi-apartment buildings, as a rule, "hide" the sanitary zone in a "blind" box of a small area with a common air ventilation duct. It is implemented as a small opening under the ceiling, working according to the natural supply and exhaust principle.

Consequences of poor ventilation

Sanitary facilities in apartment buildings, equipped with windows, are mostly shared bathrooms in high-rise buildings of a non-standard type. However, even if there is a window opening, the ventilation in the bathroom and toilet may not be intensive enough, which will certainly cause discomfort for residents and visitors.

In fact, the rooms that most of all need high-quality cleaning from odors and moisture have the most difficult mechanism for the operation of the hood. In addition, the appearance of unpleasant odors is far from the most dangerous problem of poor ventilation of the sanitary area. The accumulated excess moisture is a favorable environment for the development of fungal mold and pathogens.

To avoid violating hygiene standards, it is recommended to choose the right type of ventilation for the bathroom and toilet in a timely manner.

It is also allowed to improve existing ventilation - this can be done independently. This measure is quite relevant for typical high-rise buildings.

Two types of ventilation systems

Approving the best way to make ventilation in the bathroom and toilet usually comes down to choosing between two main system options - natural and forced. Each of them has its own merits. Comparison of options should be based on the current need and the effectiveness of the currently established system.

There are practically no difficulties with how to check the ventilation in the sanitary rooms. If an unpleasant smell persists for a long time in the room, a feeling of stale, stale air appears, the level of humidity rises noticeably - this is a signal to check the condition and effectiveness of the vents. The appearance of fungus on the walls and wet plaque is a direct evidence of the need for urgent modernization of the air exchange system.

Designing a private house without taking into account the ventilation system is considered incorrect. For a toilet, bathroom, air change improves its composition, prevents mold from appearing on wall surfaces and ceilings, and is flexible. Air exchange improves the microclimate in the premises, protects structures from destruction.

Air exchange options for bath and toilet

Ventilation in the bathroom and toilet in a private house is carried out mainly natural and forced. The first option is more economical and easier to implement. Does not require electricity costs. A gap between the door and the floor is enough for fresh air to enter through it. Sometimes for these purposes, a ventilation grill is equipped at the bottom of the door. But the effectiveness of this method is low. The required air exchange is not performed, so mechanical devices are installed.

Forced air change does not depend on external conditions. The flow is supplied and removed in the specified mode. Energy dependence is the main disadvantage, because the fan is powered by electricity.

Features of ventilation of the bathroom and bathroom

Ventilation in the bathroom and toilet in a private house can be installed by hand. At the same time, there are no significant differences between devices and installation technologies. Difficulty can be caused by the fact that the main ventilation duct is located at some distance from the bathroom. To ensure the required and high-quality air exchange, it is necessary to organize the flow of fresh air. For this, a separate ventilation sleeve is assembled specifically for the bathroom. It should be oriented to a common (stationary) duct.

When the main channel is located in the bathroom through the wall with the toilet, it is allowed to install ventilation grilles in both rooms. In this case, the exhaust shaft should be located directly behind the wall of the toilet room, but not behind the door.

Attention! Mechanical air exchange is universal. It is suitable for combined and non-combined bathroom and bathroom ventilation systems.

With a small room size and a closely passing main channel, an overhead fan model is mounted. It is quite powerful, does not create noise in operation (up to 40 dB), consumes a small amount of electricity, fits into any room design.

Fan performance selection

The efficiency of air exchange depends on the correctly selected power of the equipment. Approximately its calculation is carried out according to the scheme.

• The area of ​​​​the bathroom (bathroom) is calculated.
• The result obtained is multiplied by a factor of 6 (when using the premises up to three people) or by 8 (with a visit of 3 or more people).
• The resulting product of numbers is the required fan performance.

In an example, it looks like this. Bathroom with an area of ​​15 sq.m. used by 4 people. For calculations, a correction factor of 8 is taken. Then the required fan performance will be: 15 * 8 = 120 cubic meters / h.

Attention! If it is necessary to ensure air exchange in a room with an area of ​​​​more than 15 sq.m., the overhead fan model will be ineffective. Centrifugal duct blowers are better suited here.

Installation procedure

• With self-installation of ventilation, the ventilation duct is preliminarily cleaned. For this, a brush or a load suspended on a rope is used. It descends several times into the channel in a rotational motion. The channel is cleaned if the indicator - a sheet of paper brought to the ventilation shaft - deviates towards the room or is not held by gravity on the grate.
• All work is carried out with the electricity meter turned off at a height. To do this, you need to provide a stepladder.
• Installation of the unit is carried out under the ceiling itself in the zone of maximum humidity, opposite the source of air intake.
• Given the size of the fan and the location of the power supply, the position of the wiring and the installation itself is marked.
• Installation work is carried out in the presence of a grate, glue for fixing it, a screwdriver, dowels. You may also need a piece of hose for the duct, as well as a drywall box to mask the pipe and unit.
• The fan is installed in the air duct. If the model is of an overhead type, the box is first strengthened.
• The terminals located on it are connected to a two-wire cable line with a cross section of 0.2 cm.
• The fan housing is mounted directly. For this purpose, latches are provided in most models. Otherwise, dowels are used for these purposes.
• If it is impossible to directly connect the installation, the air duct is built up. It is disguised in a box or decorated. In this capacity, a flexible, semi-rigid or rigid hose is used.
• For economical use of electricity and rational use of equipment, it is convenient to start the fan in operation along with turning on the light: you need to run a cable from the fan to the switch.
• After installation and connection, voltage is applied to the network, the operation of the forced ventilation system is checked.

Before assembling the fan into the duct, the power supply is also turned off, but the procedure is somewhat different.

• The unit in the channel is placed strictly vertically, as deep as possible. This position is securely fixed so that during operation it does not fall from the generated vibrations.
• The supply cable must be new, without kinks and damage to the insulating winding, designed for "zero" and phase. It connects to the fan.
• In a convenient place, a switch is installed to start the equipment in operation.
• Voltage is applied to the network and the correct connection is checked, as well as the operation of the equipment.

Attention! The main link of forced air exchange is the ventilation unit. You need to buy it according to the calculated parameters with a passport and a manufacturer's warranty.

Check valve in the ventilation system

With incorrectly selected equipment or inaccurate calculations, the ventilation system does not work efficiently enough. As a result, the effect of reverse ventilation is observed. The exhaust air is blown back into the bathroom or toilet. Installing a check valve solves this problem by shutting off the return flow.

The choice of device depends on the type of ventilation system. With a vertical arrangement of the channel, air flows move along it. To block them, a horizontal valve is installed. In the case of longitudinal installation of the air duct, the cut-off piece is mounted vertically.

Some notes on the arrangement of ventilation in the bathroom and bathroom

• The fan is bought according to the estimated performance. Its increased power "eats" expensive electricity without increasing the efficiency of the process.
• You can automate air exchange in a bathroom or bathroom using a timer. Regardless of the presence or absence of the owners in the house, it will maintain the specified mode, periodically turning the system on and off.

Thus, in a private house, ventilation in rooms with high air humidity, the release of unpleasant odors is definitely needed. Another thing is how it will be organized. Often, along with forced air exchange, natural aeration is used (open window, door, etc.). Of the existing methods, you can always choose the best option and do it yourself to create comfortable living conditions.