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How does it feel to be 22 weeks pregnant? Factors affecting the fetus

22 obstetric week of pregnancy is a period corresponding to 20 weeks from the date of conception. Despite the fact that the middle of pregnancy is considered the calmest period, changes in the development of the baby occur during this period. Mom may also suddenly develop new symptoms.

What changes occur inside a woman in this period? What should be feared and with what symptoms should I see a doctor?

22 weeks of pregnancy - fetal development, photo, how does the baby develop and feel?

The growth of the future man is now 200-270 mm, the weight ranges from 350 to 400 g., which corresponds to the weight of a young zucchini.

He's been very active this week. It is impossible not to notice his movements. Many babies at this time occupy the correct position in the uterus.

What has been formed, what is happening, what does it look like?

The child begins to learn more actively about himself with the help of touch, and thereby expands his tactile sensations.

The baby's brain weighs already 100 g, from now on it will develop a little more slowly.

Connections between the brain and spinal cord begin to form. By the end of this week, the child has already formed the required number of nerve cells that will remain with him for life. All vertebrae, ligaments and joints complete their formation.

Movements become more and more coordinated, and reactions become more conscious. He reacts to a loud sudden sound with a sharp and quick push. For light stroking of the abdomen - with smooth movements.

Hearing is improving every day. The baby not only hears his mother's voice, but also feels its vibration. He can sing lullabies or turn on pleasant melodies. The baby will remember these sounds, and after birth they will have a calming effect on him.

According to some experts, babies in the womb see their first dreams. This statement was put forward after it was possible to fix the work of the brain of an unborn child.

What can be seen on an ultrasound?

In the period from 20 to 22 weeks, a second planned ultrasound is performed. Mom can see a cute baby on the monitor screen. Most likely, at this moment he will sleep or play with his fingers.

What is the task of doctors:

Measure the size of the fetus.
Assess the condition of the placenta, uterus, and cervix.
Examine the spine and the integrity of the spinal cord.
Assess the structure of the cerebellum, and measure the size of the ventricles of the brain.
Analyze the structure of all internal organs.

Video: 22 weeks pregnant

Fetal heart rate at 22 weeks

Heartbeat is considered normal 130-160 strokes in a minute. This difference is explained by the fact that the baby changes periods of activity with wakefulness. The behavior of the mother also affects the heart rate. If the pregnant woman is at rest, the baby's cardiac activity decreases.

Significant deviations up or down occur for various reasons:

Low hemoglobin in mother or child.
Metabolic disorders in the fetus.
Increased temperature in the expectant mother.
Taking drugs that block the nervous system.

What happens in a woman's body?

Due to the pressure of the uterus on the internal organs, breathing difficulties arise. This manifests itself as a constant lack of air. You need to get used to this, since it will not work to fix this problem. To alleviate the condition, you need to be in the fresh air more often and regularly ventilate the room.

Most of the second trimester is behind us, but many women continue to suffer from leg cramps and heartburn. It also happens that toxicosis returns to a woman. At 5 months, it is not as harmless as at the beginning of pregnancy. The fact is that its appearance has nothing to do with hormonal changes. Secondary toxicosis in the second half of pregnancy is equated to a disease and can cause hospitalization.

In order to detect late toxicosis in time, a woman needs to monitor the level of protein in the urine and blood pressure.

This period is characterized by rapid weight gain. Weight gain directly depends on the physique, height and nutrition of a woman. On average, per week, the expectant mother becomes more 300-500 g.

A woman may be worried about the appearance of false contractions. These are short-term uterine contractions that last from 1 to 5 minutes. At the same time, the lower abdomen tenses and hardens.

Changes in a woman's body at 22 obstetric weeks of pregnancy

Breast and belly of a woman at 22 weeks pregnant

The chest, as before, swells and increases. Small droplets of colostrum come out of the nipples. If this liquid is expressed, its amount will increase. All that a future mother needs to do is to keep her breasts clean.

The growing belly is already causing some inconvenience. It becomes uncomfortable for mommy to get out of bed, bend over and do the usual things.

The skin on the abdomen is stressed, so you need to take care of its hydration. A contrast shower will help mom avoid stretch marks and harden the baby. You just need to make sure that its temperature is not too extreme.

Movement during pregnancy

The kid tries to study his environment. Therefore, every day its movements in the uterus become more and more diverse. This week he makes about two hundred movements every day. But mommy notices only the strongest.

The intensity of his movements depends on the environment in which the mother is. Too bright light and noise make him move more often. In addition, the emotional state of the mother plays a significant role.

Sometimes pregnant women notice small rhythmic tapping. This is the result of the baby's hiccups.

If you stop moving for more than a day, you must definitely inform your doctor about it.

What can and can not a woman during pregnancy?

As in previous weeks, the pregnant woman needs to give up bad habits such as alcohol and smoking.

In general, pregnancy imposes certain obligations on a woman. Therefore, mom needs to get used to self-discipline. This is especially true for nutrition.

Now it is very important to adhere to a reasonable approach to food, since the subsequent course of pregnancy and the health of the baby depend on it.

You also need to ensure that you do not cross your legs, do not linger for a long time in one position. If until now a woman slept on her back, now she will have to learn to sleep on her side. This position is considered the safest. For convenience, you can put a small pillow under the tummy.

It is important to prevent hemorrhoids during pregnancy, as this can adversely affect childbirth. To do this, you need, firstly, to eat small portions, and secondly, to move more often so that circulatory stagnation does not occur.

At this time, a pregnant woman can take topical drugs that are not absorbed into the systemic circulation. Antispasmodics and some antibiotics are also allowed.

22 weeks pregnant - how to understand that everything is fine?

To be sure that the pregnancy is proceeding normally, a woman needs to monitor any changes that occur with her body.

If mom is feeling well and visiting her doctor regularly, there is no reason to worry.

Feelings of a woman at 22 weeks

The feelings of the expectant mother still do not overshadow her condition and do not prevent her from enjoying life. The tummy is already a decent size, but you can still see your legs and tie the laces on your shoes yourself.

A number of new features are still present:

The movements of the baby become more active and frequent. Sometimes you can even guess what parts of the body he kicks. During the day, at least ten movements of the child should be felt;
It becomes difficult to find a comfortable position to rest;
The woman becomes extremely sensitive to events, words, as well as smells and tastes.

What do they say on the forums?

Nata:

And this is my first pregnancy. She did an ultrasound. Waiting for a boy))

Miroslava:

Were on the ultrasound! They showed us our arms, legs, heart))) The little ones swim there, and they don’t blow in their mustaches! I just broke down. Toxicosis is behind, the tummy is round, save the doctor - there are no more threats.))

Valentine:

And we have a daughter!)) The size of the head, however, on all ultrasounds was a little less than the term, but the doctor said that this was normal.

Olga:

I had a scheduled ultrasound today. Term 22 weeks. The peanut lies head down, and very low. The uterus is in good shape ((. The doctor didn’t put it on storage, she only prescribed a kilogram of pills. I worry a lot, who would tell me what to do ...

Ludmila:

I did an ultrasound at 22 weeks, and the tone was also on the anterior wall of the uterus. Sent to the hospital. The main thing is not to worry, more rest. And if it really is - an ambulance of course.

What happens in a woman's body at the 22nd week

At this time, a woman may be disturbed abundance of secretions. The reason to be examined by a doctor is an unpleasant odor and a greenish (brown) tint of discharge. Their transparency in the absence of itching is a normal phenomenon, solved by daily pads;
Eat the possibility of soreness and bleeding gums. You should select a special toothpaste and take multivitamin preparations (of course, consulting your doctor before use);
Nasal congestion may also appear at this time. This is fine. Bleeding of the nose requires a doctor's check for high blood pressure. Facilitate the state of congestion drops based on sea salt;
Possible bouts of weakness and dizziness. The reason for the increased sensitivity that develops by this time is physiological anemia. The volume of blood grows, and the cells do not have time to form in the required amount;
There is a significant increase in appetite;
Weight gain - more than 300-500 grams during the week. Exceeding these indicators may indicate fluid retention in the body;
Sex is especially pleasant on the 22nd week. It is during this period that women often experience their first orgasm in their lives;
The 22nd week also becomes the period when the expectant mother first learns what swelling, heartburn, varicose veins, back pain And so on.

The most dangerous symptoms for a period of 22 weeks

Feeling of pulling pain in the abdomen, stone and contraction of the uterus;
Discharges of an incomprehensible nature: brown, orange, greenish, profuse watery, which increase when walking, and, of course, bloody;
Unnatural behavior of the fetus: excessive activity and lack of movement for more than a day;
Elevated to 38 degrees (and above) temperature. (Treatment of ARVI requires a doctor's consultation);
Pain in the lower back, when urinating, and when combined with fever;
Diarrhea (diarrhea), a feeling of pressure on the perineum and bladder (these symptoms may be the beginning of labor).

What dangers lie in wait for the 22nd obstetric week?

One of the reasons for abortion at 22 weeks is sometimes CCI (isthmic-cervical insufficiency). In ICI, the cervix is incompetent and prone to opening under the weight of the fetus. Which, in turn, leads to infection, then to the rupture of the fetal bladder and, as a result, premature birth.

Manifestations of a threat for a period of 22 weeks:

Pain in the abdomen of a pulling-cutting nature;
Strengthening and unusual discharge;
Often, childbirth at this time begins with a sudden and premature outflow of amniotic fluid (every third case). Seek immediate medical attention if you experience embarrassing symptoms.

Fetal development at 22 weeks

Baby weight already reaches 420-500 grams, which gives him the opportunity, in case of premature birth, to survive. Length from the crown of the baby to his sacrum- about 27-27.5 cm.

At a period of 22 weeks, the active growth of the baby's brain slows down. The stage of intensive development begins at the sweat glands and tactile sensations. The fetus studies itself and everything that surrounds it, by touch. His favorite pastime is sucking his fingers and grabbing with his hands everything that he can reach;
The child still has enough space in the mother's stomach, which he uses, actively changing his position and kicking his mother in all available places. In the morning, he can lie with his ass down, and by night it is already the other way around, which a pregnant woman feels like shaking and pushing;
Most of the time the baby sleeps - up to 22 hours during the day. Moreover, in most cases, the periods of wakefulness of the baby fall at night;
The child's eyes are already open and react to light.- if you direct light to the anterior abdominal wall, then it will turn to its source;
It's in full swing setting up neural connections. Brain neurons are formed;
The child reacts to the food taken by the mother y. When the mother uses hot spices, the baby frowns (taste buds in the oral cavity are also already functioning), and when eating sweets, she swallows amniotic fluid;
Responds to loud sounds and remembers voices;
If you put your hand on your stomach, you can respond with a push.

Body and belly of a woman

At a period of 22 weeks, the stomach is still not too constraining for the expectant mother. The bottom of the uterus is determined just above the navel by two to four cm. Discomfort is possible due to stretched ligaments of the uterus. It is expressed in pain on the sides of the abdomen.

The body of a pregnant woman gradually adapts to carrying a baby. The size of the abdomen at this time depends on the tone of the muscles of the abdominal anterior wall and, of course, on the position of the fetus.

Photo of the abdomen at 22 weeks

Ultrasound, photo and video of fetal development

22 weeks is an important screening time.

The main attention during ultrasound is given to such points as:

Exclusion (identification) of malformations
Compliance with the size of the fetus to the expected period
Examination of the state of the placenta and amniotic fluid

Is ultrasound harmful to the unborn child?

The harm from this procedure has no scientific explanation and evidence. But it is impossible to say that ultrasound does not affect the genetic material of a person, since the ultrasound method entered practice not so long ago.

Biometric parameters of the child, which reflects the decoding of ultrasound:

Child's height
Coccyx-parietal size
Biparietal head size
Thigh length
And other rules

Ultrasound - 22 weeks

Video: 3D/4D ultrasound

Video: Baby development at 22 weeks

Video: Boy or girl?

Video: What happens at the 22nd week of pregnancy?

This is what the fetus looks like at 22 weeks

It makes sense keep a diary. With it, you can capture your emotions and feelings throughout your pregnancy, and then, when the baby grows up, give the diary to him;
It is important to communicate with the baby. After all, he already knows the voice of his mother. It is worth talking to him, reading fairy tales and singing songs. The main thing is to remember that the child sensitively feels the mood of the mother and experiences all her emotions with her;
We must not forget about physiology: the load on the lower back and spine is growing, and you should learn how to sit, lie down, stand and walk correctly. Do not cross your legs, but preferably lie on hard surfaces;
Shoes should be chosen comfortable and without heels - comfort when walking is very important now. Need to refuse leather substitutes and rubber, also orthopedic insoles will not interfere;
With each new week, the weight and tummy will grow, while the well-being and general condition will worsen a little. Do not get hung up on your condition and clumsiness. Expecting a baby is not a disease, but happiness for a woman. Walk, relax, have sex and enjoy life;
In the second trimester, a drop in hemoglobin levels is possible. You should be attentive to yourself, in case of sudden weakness, you need to sit down and rest, or ask for help;
Sleep preferably on your side, and use pillows;
Stuffy rooms should be avoided and spend as much time as possible in the fresh air to reduce the likelihood of fainting;
On blood pressure, the jumps of which are possible at this time, the diet helps;
Now more ;
It makes sense buy scales for home use. Weigh yourself once a week in the morning, preferably on an empty stomach and after going to the toilet. Weight gain, exceeding the norm, may indicate fluid retention in the body.

The most detailed weekly pregnancy calendar

And what did you feel at 22 obstetric weeks? Share with us!

A woman's need for vitamins and minerals for the development of a healthy child does not lose relevance:

Vitamin A (beta-carotene). The daily requirement is 2000-3000 IU. Vitamin is responsible for the growth and formation of bones, vision, skin health. When eating, they pay attention to fish oil (salmon, cod, sterlet, seafood), beef liver, carrot-apple juice with cream (the drink perfectly absorbs the entire volume of beta-carotene).

Vitamin B9 (folic acid). The daily requirement is 300-500 mg. Responsible for the normal functioning of the neural tube, strengthening the central nervous system as a whole. Sufficiently contained in sunflower seeds, soybeans, cod liver, parsley, avocado.

Vitamin B1 (thiamine). The daily rate is 1.5-2 mg. Responsible for metabolic processes, required for the health of joints, muscle structures. You should eat sunflower seeds, pumpkins, nuts, dried fruits, shelled peas, halva.

Vitamin B2. The daily rate is 1.5-2 mg. Responsible for the normal absorption of mineral complexes, retinol or beta-carotene, is required for the qualitative composition of the blood, the development of connective tissue. High concentrations are found in milk powder, dried porcini mushrooms, beef kidneys, chicken hearts.

Reviews about maternity hospitals
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Vitamin B3 (vitamin PP, nicotinic acid, niacin). The daily norm is 20-30 mg. Participates in metabolism, absorption of fats, carbohydrates, useful for intoxications of any nature. Niacin lowers cholesterol levels, normalizes metabolic processes. Contained in peanuts, tuna, bran, chicken and quail eggs, rabbit and poultry meat.

Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid). The daily norm is 5-10 mg. Needed to restore metabolism, regulate protein-fat balance, lower cholesterol. Found in chickpeas, lentils, wheat bran, whole grain bread, mackerel, walnuts.

Vitamin B7 (biotin). The daily norm is 200 mg. Responsible for the health of the skin, strengthens the nervous system, is a conductor for some B vitamins. It is found in strawberries, melons, peaches, legumes, meat and organ meats.

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid). The daily norm is 70-100 mg. Ascorbic acid has a pronounced antioxidant, strengthening effect, stimulates local and systemic immunity. High concentrations are noted in lemon peel, tangerines, grapefruits, sea buckthorn, blackcurrant, sorrel, in a decoction of rose hips (without sugar).

Vitamin D (D3, cholecalciferol or sun vitamin). The daily norm is 10-50 mcg, the dose can be increased in regions with a short daylight hours, cold climate. Prevents skeletal deformities, reduces the incidence of rickets in children under one year old. Contained in fatty herring, cod, fish oil. If necessary, vitamin D3 solution is prescribed.

Vitamin E (tocopherol). The daily norm is 10-20 mg. Required to prevent intrauterine fetal hypoxia, normal formation of connective tissue, lung and other organ structures, skin. It is found in high concentrations in vegetable oil, pumpkin and sunflower seeds, halva, hazelnuts, cashews, and walnuts.

Vitamin K. The daily norm is 150 mcg. It is necessary for the healthy function of the cardiovascular system, the prevention of hypoxia, and the prevention of skeletal bone development disorders. Contained in all greens, nuts, dried fruits, white cabbage, pomegranates, cucumbers, blueberries.

Vitamin P (rutin, rutoside). The daily norm is 50 mg. Prevents malformations of the fetus from the internal organs, miscarriages and premature births, normalizes the function of the thyroid gland, strengthens the cardiovascular system. Contained in apples, cherries, red peppers, tomatoes, sorrel, beets.

Iron. The daily norm is not less than 30 mg. The balance of iron ensures the health of the hematopoietic organs, the normal qualitative and quantitative composition of the blood, prevents intrauterine hypoxia, iron deficiency anemia in women. Contained in organ meats (liver, kidneys, hearts), barley, soy, oysters, egg yolk, lean poultry meat, rabbit.

Iodine. The daily requirement is 150-200 mcg. Necessary for the normal function of the thyroid gland and pituitary gland, it is required regardless of the gestational age. If necessary, it is required to supplement the intake of multivitamins with additional iodine preparations. Contained in sea fish, sea kale, seafood, fish oil.

Selenium. The daily norm is 55-70 mg. Responsible for strengthening muscle tissue, articular and cartilage structures. Contained in cereals, oat bran, cottage cheese, pink salmon, chickpeas.

Copper. The daily norm is 1000-1500 mcg. An important trace element responsible for the state of the heart, blood vessels, stable hemodynamics. With a lack of copper, pathologies appear on the part of the skin and mucous membranes. Copper prevents the development of iron deficiency anemia, hypoxia. Found in peanuts, coarse wheat pasta, buckwheat, rice, walnuts, new potatoes.

Calcium. The daily norm is 500 mg, and with hypocalcemia in a woman - 1000 mg. Responsible for the health of the musculoskeletal system, the normal formation of the skeleton, the growth of the fetus. Contained in homemade cottage cheese, whole milk, fermented milk products, yoghurt from homemade sourdough. In case of intolerance to cow's milk, it is recommended to additionally take calcium gluconate.

Magnesium. The daily norm is 400-500 mg. It is required to prevent anomalies in the development of the kidneys, chronic renal failure, liver and pancreas. Contained in large quantities in sesame, oat bran, buckwheat and flax flour, pine nuts, milk powder.

Zinc. The need per day is 12-15 mg. The trace element is actively involved in osteogenesis, it is required for the health of the hematopoietic system, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the blood. Found in cheeses (Dutch, Swiss, Cheddar), egg powder, pine nuts, beef and chicken.

Phosphorus. The daily norm is 1000-1500 mcg. Required for adequate metabolism, normal development of the gastrointestinal tract of the fetus, prevention of osteogenesis disorders. Contained in tomatoes, sesame, red caviar, buckwheat, raspberries, dried fruits, nuts.

Sodium. The daily norm is 500 mg, if necessary, the dose is increased to 1000 mg. Required for a stable water-electrolyte balance of blood plasma, forms a healthy nervous system. Exceeding the dose increases the risk of edema. Contained in sea or table salt, sea fish, salted cheeses.

Silicon. The daily norm is 30-50 mg. Increases the immune defense of the body, prevents the development of gestational nephropathy, diabetes mellitus. It has antioxidant and detoxifying effects. It is found in large quantities in rice, oats, beans, wheat germ.

Cobalt. The daily norm is 50 mcg. The trace element is involved in the formation of blood composition, prevents anemia, stabilizes the level of hemoglobin, increases the supply of natural ferritin. Found in chicken breast, white grapes, beef liver, turkey.

Chromium. The daily norm is 50 mcg. It prevents diabetes in pregnant women, actively participates in the normal metabolism of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and is indispensable for blood health. Contained in tuna, pink salmon, wobble, pollock, mackerel and other fish, cheeses, meat products.

The importance of vitamins and minerals requires a competent approach in the preparation of the daily diet - variety, balance, moderation.

A calm second trimester continues, during which a woman can fully enjoy her position. Her figure has already changed enough to make it clear to everyone that replenishment is expected soon, but her stomach is not yet so huge as to cause significant inconvenience. According to the obstetric calendar, the 22nd week of pregnancy is a continuation of the sixth month. What happens at this time and what complications may appear?

Many expectant mothers remember the first few weeks of gestation as a nightmare, as they were constantly sick and sleepy. But with the onset of the second trimester, the discomfort, as a rule, passes, and a woman can finally understand what a miracle it is to carry a new life in herself. The 22nd week of pregnancy is unlikely to bring any changes compared to the previous week, although the baby continues to actively gain weight and develop.

Feel

Let's figure out what happens at the 22nd week of pregnancy with a woman's body. Despite the fact that until the moment of meeting with the baby is still far away, the body is already beginning to gradually prepare for childbirth. The baby regularly reminds her mother of her existence, actively pushing, and women listen to these shocks with bated breath.

The 22nd obstetric week of pregnancy is a period when a close emotional connection has already been established between the baby and the mother. Therefore, it is important that a woman be upset and stressed as little as possible. Positive emotions and a calm, joyful mood are very important for a pregnant woman.

The baby at the 22nd week of pregnancy continues to move actively, and the mother perfectly feels his movements. Attentive women may notice that the child has his own regime, most of the day he sleeps quietly, and during periods of wakefulness he shows enviable activity. The baby can also push in various non-standard situations, for example, with loud sounds.

Many mothers at 22 weeks of pregnancy feel strange vibrations in their stomach for the first time. These sensations are caused by the fact that the baby, having swallowed amniotic fluid, begins to hiccup. This phenomenon is absolutely normal, you should not be afraid of it. Neither the woman nor the baby is in danger.

Stomach

During a planned visit to the gynecologist, the doctor will definitely measure the belly of the pregnant woman. It is measured in two ways:

circle;
the height of the uterine fundus.

The results obtained at this time depend on many parameters. It is clear that if twins are expected, then the volume of the abdomen will be significantly larger than with a normal singleton pregnancy.

The size of the abdomen also depends on the body weight of the pregnant woman. In slender women, it is less than in those who have gained significant excess weight.

But in any case, the belly at the 22nd week of pregnancy is already so large that it becomes uncomfortable to wear ordinary clothes, even if they are loose-fitting. But the still enlarged tummy does not prevent the woman from moving freely - bending over, turning, etc.

Due to the active growth of the abdomen, the skin begins to stretch strongly, while the woman may experience itching. During this period, stretch marks can appear on the skin of the abdomen, so it is better to start applying moisturizers to the body in advance to reduce the risk of their formation.

State uterus

The 22nd week of pregnancy is the time when the uterus is already large enough, it has risen 2 centimeters above the navel. The enlarged uterus rests against the diaphragm and can cause shortness of breath. In addition, the digestive organs are also squeezed, so many mothers have to deal with such unpleasant phenomena as heartburn and constipation.

At this time, some women begin to feel irregular cramping pains in the lower abdomen. These are the so-called training contractions, they are not too painful and irregular. Such contractions are a kind of training that prepares the body for childbirth. Training contractions, periodically appearing pain in the lower abdomen - this is normal. But you need to know that they are only safe if:

pain is weak;
no more than 15 contractions are noted during the day, and they are irregular.

If cramping pains are strong and appear every few minutes, then you need to urgently call an ambulance. Perhaps this is the beginning of preterm labor and the woman needs urgent medical care to maintain her pregnancy.

Child's condition

Let's figure out what happens to the baby at 22 weeks of gestation. It is already almost fully formed, but it is not yet ready for an independent life. Although now they have already learned how to nurse babies born after 22-23 weeks, although, of course, there are no guarantees, so the expectant mother needs to be careful.

The weight of a child at 22 weeks of gestation is 430-500 grams, and the length of his body from the crown to the heels is about 30 cm. Some babies at this time are already in the position in which they will be before childbirth (most often, head down).

But the size of the fetus at the 22nd week of pregnancy still allows it to change position, so if during an ultrasound the doctor notes that the baby is head up, you should not be upset. There is still time for the baby to take the correct position.

When conducting an ultrasound scan at the 22nd week of pregnancy with twins, it often turns out that children have different weights. This is normal, when twins are born, it almost always turns out that one baby is slightly larger than the second.

At this time, twins can have a total weight of about 850-900 grams, while one baby can weigh 430 grams, and the second - 470. The difference in weight between the fruits, if you have twins, can be 30-50 grams. At the 22nd week of pregnancy, the development of the fetus continues quite actively, the following changes can be noted:

a layer of subcutaneous tissue has formed under the skin, so at the 22nd week of pregnancy, the baby looks much more attractive than before, it becomes more and more like a baby;
facial features become clearer, in the photo obtained during an ultrasound scan at the 22nd week of pregnancy, you can see a fully formed face, which already has eyebrows and cilia;
the baby's body is completely covered with primordial fluff and lubricant, and hairs begin to grow on the head;
bilirubin, a special digestive enzyme, begins to be synthesized in the liver. It is bilirubin that provokes such a condition as the physiological jaundice of newborns. This condition is not dangerous and goes away without treatment;

at the 22nd week of pregnancy, the movements are quite active, during the day the fetus makes about 200 different movements. Moreover, this is not a senseless floundering, but quite coordinated gestures. The child can suck his thumb, play with the umbilical cord, grab his legs, etc.;
at the 22nd week of pregnancy, the fetus already has a fully formed spinal column, its bones continue to grow and acquire hardness, so at this time a woman needs to consume more foods containing calcium;

Thus, the development of the fetus at week 22 is to improve existing organs and systems.

Surveys

If the pregnancy proceeds without complications, then the woman only needs regular visits to the gynecologist. At the appointment, the doctor will measure the volume of the abdomen, offer the pregnant woman to weigh herself, measure blood pressure.

In addition, the baby's heartbeat is heard. As a rule, a woman is prescribed directions for laboratory tests of blood and urine. A general analysis is assigned to determine the level of content:

sugar and leukocytes in the blood;
protein in the urine.

At the 22nd week of pregnancy, an ultrasound scan is performed if the woman did not undergo this examination in the previous weeks.

During the survey, it is determined:

fetal weight;
the length of his body;
circumference of the abdomen and head;
the length of the bones of the limbs;
condition of internal organs;
the level of development of the placenta;
amount of amniotic fluid.

Possible problems

Pregnancy at 22 weeks should not cause significant discomfort to a woman. But the appearance of unpleasant short-term sensations is not excluded. Most often, these are not dangerous phenomena, but a violation of well-being can be a sign of the development of a serious complication.

Toxicosis

One of the rather alarming signs is nausea at 22 weeks of gestation. Of course, the appearance of this symptom may also be associated with diseases of the digestive tract (for example, with an exacerbation of gastritis).

But, perhaps, the appearance of nausea is a sign of the development of late toxicosis (gestosis). And if toxicosis in the early stages is considered quite normal, then preeclampsia is a serious complication. This condition is manifested by the following symptoms:

vomit;
dizziness;
swelling;
the appearance of protein in the urine.

Toxicosis, which began to manifest itself at the twenty-second week, can cause fetal hypoxia and its developmental delay. Therefore, it is necessary to consult a gynecologist and undergo the necessary treatment.

infections

Normal discharge at 22 weeks of gestation should be moderate, clear or whitish, odorless. The appearance of unusual discharge may be a symptom of an infection. Most often, women at this time are faced with manifestations of thrush.

This disease manifests itself:

the appearance of abundant secretions with the inclusion of whitish grains, similar to cottage cheese, with a sour smell;
sensations of itching, burning, pain;
mucosal edema.

It is necessary to treat thrush under the supervision of a gynecologist, in no case do not self-medicate.

oligohydramnios

This pathology is diagnosed during an ultrasound. On average, the volume of amniotic fluid at this time should be 800 ml. If they are less than a widow, then oligohydramnios is diagnosed. This condition is dangerous for the fetus and can even cause his death.

To prescribe the right treatment, the doctor must first find out the cause of this condition. If oligohydramnios is mild, then the woman is recommended to follow the regimen, rest more, eat fully. In some cases, medical treatment is required.

Weight gain

Many pregnant women during this period have excellent appetite, which contributes to rapid weight gain. Obesity in the mother negatively affects the development of the baby. Therefore, you need to monitor your weight and nutrition. So, the weekly weight gain should be no more than 500 grams.

If the weight gain is large, then you will need to reconsider the diet. Nutrition at the 22nd week of pregnancy should be complete, the daily calorie content should be no more than 3000 kcal. Moreover, the menu should have more low-fat protein products, cereals, fresh fruits.

Not always, the ongoing weight gain is associated with malnutrition. Sharp jumps in weight may be associated with the formation of internal edema, which may be a sign of preeclampsia.

So, the 22nd week of pregnancy is the second week of the sixth obstetric month. Normally, this period is quite calm. Most women at this time look great and feel great, enjoying their condition and happily listening to the pushes of their baby.

At the 22nd week of pregnancy, the fetus grows, develops, its body continues to mature and prepare for independent life after birth. Most expectant mothers at this time, as well as throughout the second trimester, feel good. Symptoms continue to increase, which will become most pronounced in the third trimester - they are associated with the growth of the fetus, an increase in the uterus, hormonal changes in the body.

Signs and symptoms of 22 weeks pregnant

At the twenty-second week of pregnancy, the expectant mother may be disturbed by some symptoms. Their main cause is an actively growing fetus and an enlarged uterus. Your baby takes up more and more space inside your body, his weight increases. This leads to displacement and compression of internal organs, blood vessels and nerves, increasing the load on the lower back. The body of the fetus constantly needs energy and nutrients, so the woman's body is forced to work in a more intense mode, to activate all resources.

At week 22, a woman may be bothered by the following symptoms:

· Stretch marks. The skin does not have time to stretch after the growing uterus. Stretch marks are the result of small tears in the connective tissue that is present in the skin. They do not look very beautiful, make many expectant mothers worry about their appearance. As a rule, stretch marks do not disappear anywhere and remain on the body of a woman for life. But after childbirth, they turn very pale and become much less noticeable.

· Protruding belly button. This is another symptom associated with an enlarged uterus. She pushes the navel forward, as a result, the woman gets the opportunity to wash it from what has accumulated in it, possibly from birth. Perhaps you think that a protruding navel does not look very beautiful? There is no cause for concern: unlike stretch marks, after childbirth, this symptom disappears completely. Your belly button will look like before pregnancy again.

· Profuse vaginal discharge. Sometimes women take them for a manifestation of an infection, but they are just needed in order to protect the fetus from pathogens. The main thing is that the discharge is transparent and does not have an unpleasant odor. Their occurrence is due to the fact that a woman's blood volume increases and its flow to the genitals increases.

· Edema. Most often they occur on the legs in the afternoon, sometimes on the arms. If the swelling is small and does not grow, this is normal. If they suddenly begin to increase very quickly, this may indicate a formidable complication of pregnancy - preeclampsia. You need to see a doctor urgently.

· cholestasis of pregnancy- a condition in which the function of the liver is impaired. It is believed that its occurrence is associated with an increased level of pregnancy hormones - estrogen and progesterone. They are higher in twin pregnancies than in single pregnancies.

What are the risks of twins being born sick?

The risks are small, but still higher than with a singleton pregnancy. Twins are about twice as likely to have chromosomal abnormalities. Of the congenital malformations, the most common are those that affect the heart. But most often they are mild or moderate.

Twins are more likely to have intrauterine growth retardation. They are often smaller and weigh less after birth than babies born in singleton pregnancies. But in most cases this does not affect their health in any way, there is no reason to worry. However, there are risks of some problems with intrauterine growth retardation, in some cases there are indications for a caesarean section.

Various developmental anomalies, including genetic disorders, help to identify different types of prenatal screening: ultrasound, biochemical, non-invasive prenatal tests.

Complications occur more often in identical twins, who receive blood through the same placenta, than in fraternal twins, each of which has its own placenta and fetal bladder.

For example, 15% of women who are pregnant with identical twins develop feto-fetal transfusion syndrome. At the same time, one child recipient) receives more blood compared to the other ( donor), as if "robbing" him. The donor develops and grows worse, is in a state of anemia, and the recipient receives too much blood, because of this, his heart experiences increased stress. Feto-fetal transfusion syndrome is diagnosed by ultrasound.

Twin pregnancies have an increased risk of stillbirth, about 12 per 1000 births compared to 5 per 1000 births for singleton pregnancies.

How to prevent complications of a twin pregnancy?

· Regularly visit the doctor of the antenatal clinic, do not miss visits.

In case of any incomprehensible symptoms, it is better to seek medical help immediately. Take good care of your health.

· Eat a healthy diet.

· Drink plenty of fluids and stay hydrated.

· Exercise regularly. For expectant mothers, yoga, swimming, Pilates are useful.

· You should not smoke during pregnancy. With a twin pregnancy, a bad habit is especially dangerous.

What is the likelihood of preterm birth?

The probability of premature birth is quite high - this is the main, most common complication of a twin pregnancy. But at the same time, the normal term of childbirth is somewhat shifted. If for a singleton pregnancy the norm is 40 weeks, then for a twin pregnancy it is 37 weeks. For triplets, the normal period starts at 35 weeks.

More than half of twins are born before 37 weeks, about 10% before 32. The risks of serious health problems are highest in premature babies born before 30 weeks.

With twin pregnancies, there is a higher chance that babies will need special care after birth, they will have to be placed in an intensive care unit for a while. Often, after the mother is discharged home, newborns still need to be in the hospital for some time.

Twenty-second week of pregnancy - how long is it?

Among obstetricians and gynecologists, it is customary to use the so-called obstetric gestational age. It is counted from the first day of the last menstruation. Real fertilization occurs about two weeks later. The period starting from this day is called embryonic gestational age. It is more accurate, but if you use it, there is no clear guideline: no woman will be able to tell on which particular day her egg met her partner's sperm.

The ratios look like this:

· The twenty-second week of the obstetric gestation period corresponds to the twentieth week of the embryonic period.

· The twenty-second week of the embryonic period corresponds to the twenty-fourth week of the obstetric period.

At the end of 22 weeks, the woman is pregnant for 5 months.
Pregnancy calculator by week: calculate the gestational age and date of delivery by the day of the last menstruation

What happens to the fetus at 22 weeks pregnant?

At the twenty-second week of pregnancy, the fetus is about the size of a coconut. It weighs about 430 grams, the length from the top of the head to the toes is 27-28 cm. It already looks like a newborn, only in miniature. His small features, lips, eyelids, eyebrows are becoming more and more distinct. Tiny tooth buds form in the thickness of the jaws - in the future, the teeth of the child will develop from them.

The small eyes are fully formed, they have long reacted to light, but their iris does not yet have pigment, so it has no color - although the color is genetically predetermined at birth. Many babies are born with light, blue eyes, and then as the pigment builds up, they can turn darker, greener, or browner.

The skin of the fetus is no longer transparent, as pigment is deposited in it melanin, a layer of subcutaneous fat grows under it. But the adipose tissue is not yet fully formed, it continues to grow, so the baby looks thin, his skin is covered with wrinkles - they will straighten out by birth. The skin of the fetus is covered with fine hairs - lanugo- they help to keep warm until the fat layer is developed. By birth, these hairs should fall out completely, but they may remain if the baby is born prematurely.

Hair grows on the head of the unborn child, they gradually acquire color. The development of the hairline occurs individually. Some babies are born with thick hair, others are completely bald.

At week 22, new connections are formed between the nerve cells in the fetal body, thanks to which the sense of touch improves. The baby begins to explore new sensations: he touches his face, the umbilical cord. Reflexes are trained: the fetus grabs the umbilical cord with its hands, sucks its fingers. There are already tiny nails on the fingers.

The internal organs continue to develop. At the twenty-second week of pregnancy, the unborn child is actively maturing and improving the functions of the pancreas. The development of the lungs accelerates: they are preparing to take the first breath after the baby is born.

The genital organs are well developed: the uterus and vagina are formed in the girls, the eggs are in the ovaries - some of them will become your grandchildren in the future. In boys, the testicles are located in the abdominal cavity, they gradually descend into the scrotum.

An interesting fact: mother's hormones-estrogens act on the external genital organs of the fetus, due to this, immediately after birth they look enlarged, swollen, but subsequently return to normal for some time.

The main hematopoietic organ in the fetus is the red bone marrow.

Fetal movements in the mother's tummy

At the 22nd week of pregnancy, almost all women feel quite well how the baby is pushing in the tummy. Now these are no longer weak sensations, reminiscent of rumbling intestines. However, some expectant mothers do not yet particularly feel the activity of the fetus. Don't panic. If, according to the results of ultrasound and other studies, the doctor said that everything is in order with the child, you will soon begin to feel how he is pushing.

The fetus develops its own sleep and wake schedule, while it may not coincide with your regime at all. Some mothers report "lull" during the day and intense "kicks" in the stomach at night.

Ultrasound at 22 weeks pregnant

If a woman passed the first and second prenatal ultrasound on time, then at the 22nd week of pregnancy it is usually not prescribed, except with an increased risk of certain complications and the need for additional control. The pictures will show all parts of the body and internal organs of the unborn child, his bones, spine, brain. If an ultrasound is done while the baby is awake, then you can see how he moves his arms, legs, plays with the umbilical cord.

With the help of dopplerography, it is possible to assess the blood flow in large vessels, the work of the fetal heart. At the same time, in accordance with the pulse waves, the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus will emit characteristic sounds.

Visible during ultrasound and genitals - unless the baby begins to close them from the sensor. If during the second planned ultrasound it was not possible to determine the sex of the child, do not worry. What difference does it make, a boy or a girl - after all, this is your baby, in any case it is a great joy. The main thing is that he is healthy.

Ultrasound images at 22 weeks of gestation look like this:

What happens to the uterus and abdomen at 22 weeks pregnant?

The uterus continues to grow. In a singleton pregnancy, its dimensions and, indirectly, the dimensions of the fetus, are determined by an indicator called standing height of the uterine fundus. This is the distance from the upper edge of the pubic bones to the very top of the uterus. At the 22nd week of pregnancy, it should normally be 20-24 cm. The bottom of the uterus rises above the navel.

During pregnancy with two fetuses, there are no normal indicators of the height of the fundus of the uterus, which could be guided by. If the expectant mother carries twins in her stomach, this indicator is variable.

Hormones at 22 weeks pregnant

Hormonal effects at 22 weeks pregnant vary from woman to woman. In most cases, in the second trimester, they cause an increase in libido and make sexual intercourse even more enjoyable:

The breast becomes more sensitive to tactile stimulation. The main thing is not to overdo it, so as not to cause pain.

Increases blood flow in the genital area - due to this, they become more sensitive.

Increased blood flow to the vagina increases the amount of vaginal lubrication.

But in some women, despite the increased levels of sex hormones, the opposite effect occurs - they try to avoid intimacy. The reasons are different: discomfort and soreness during sexual intercourse, some symptoms and complications of pregnancy, fear of harming the child, increased fatigue. It is important that mutual understanding be reached with a partner in this matter: it is worth talking with him, explaining your condition.

How much weight should the expectant mother gain?

Normal weight gain in the second trimester with a singleton pregnancy is about 450 grams per week, give or take. In order to provide the child with the necessary substances and energy, the expectant mother must consume 300 calories daily in addition to those that she ate before pregnancy.

But there is no need for pharmacy accuracy. Don't count every gram and every calorie. The main thing is that the basic criteria for normal weight gain are observed:

· If you add a little more or a little less than 450 grams per week, there is nothing to worry about. But if it seems to you that you are gaining weight too much or, on the contrary, very slowly, it is better to consult your doctor once again. More than 1300 grams per week during the second trimester of pregnancy is definitely not the norm anymore.

Weight gain should be approximately uniform. It may be different in different weeks, but in general, the spread should be small. If you suddenly start to gain weight very much, this may be the first sign of a dangerous pregnancy complication - preeclampsia.

Your diet should contain a variety of foods, the necessary set of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and trace elements.

It is better to eat more often and in small portions - 5-6 times a day.

Some conditions during pregnancy, such as heartburn, constipation, nausea, can interfere with normal eating. Consult a doctor, he will give the necessary recommendations and prescribe drugs that are safe during pregnancy.
Pregnancy calculator: calculate the rate of weight gain by week

How to eat right?

Your baby is growing, his organs are maturing, many complex, critical processes are going on in them. In order for them to proceed normally, not only energy is needed, but also building materials, the main of which is protein. Here are 8 foods that your body can get extra protein during pregnancy:

1. Domestic bird. The most valuable in this regard is turkey meat. A serving of approximately 85–100 grams contains 28 g of protein if it is red meat and 30 g if it is white meat. Chicken is in second place with 24-28 grams of protein per serving (about the size of a cup).

2. Eggs. One medium-sized chicken egg contains approximately 6 grams of protein. Of these, 3.6 are accounted for by protein, 2.7 - by yolk.

3. Lean meat. One hundred grams of lean beef, pork or lamb meat contains 31-33 grams of protein. And in one hundred grams of ham - only 21 grams of protein.

4. Fish and seafood. They contain not only valuable protein, but also a lot of useful trace elements. During pregnancy and breastfeeding, women are advised to consume 350 g of fish and seafood. In 85 grams of trout, tilapia, cod, flounder, sardine, herring, salmon, crab meat and shrimp meat contains from 19 to 25 g of protein.

5. Milk and dairy products. One medium cup of cow's milk contains about 8 grams of protein, and one cup of soy milk, depending on the type, contains 3 to 11 grams. From one cup of yogurt, your body will receive from 8 to 13 g of protein. About 60 g of cheese contains 17–20 g of protein.

6. Legumes. Peas, lentils, beans, and other beans provide 19 grams of protein per cup. Soy is also rich in proteins: 150 g of fermented soy contains 31 g of protein, 225 g of tofu - 40 g.

7. Nuts and seeds. One cup of walnuts, peanuts, cashews, almonds, pistachios contains 26-35 grams of protein. One cup of pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds, sunflower seeds - 27-39 g. And together with one tablespoon of peanut butter, the body of the expectant mother receives about 5 g of protein. But do not forget that seeds and nuts contain a lot of calories, so it is not recommended to get carried away with them too much.

8. Cereals. Whole grains are especially useful for health and as a source of valuable substances. One cup of wheat germ contains 27 grams of protein. One cup of whole oats, wheat or wild rice provides 24-26 grams of protein.

Do not forget about the rules of "food safety" during pregnancy. The meat, fish, eggs that you eat must be well thermally processed, otherwise you can get an infection that can adversely affect the course of pregnancy and the health of the fetus.

Physical activity

Let's talk about the types of exercise that are best for expectant mothers at 22 weeks and generally throughout pregnancy.

Hiking. The simplest thing you can think of is that you don’t need to buy a subscription to a gym, special equipment, you don’t need an instructor. It is enough to buy comfortable shoes in which your feet will feel comfortable. Walking in the park or just on the street (preferably where there are no cars) is a load for the muscles, fresh air, strengthening the cardiovascular system.

How often should you walk? Optimal - 30 minutes 3-5 times a week. If until now you have led a very sedentary lifestyle, it is better to start with 10 minutes a day and gradually increase the time.

Yoga. There are people who practice different asanas for self-improvement, but it helps expectant mothers to train stretching, reduce pain in the back and lower back, improve the functioning of the heart and blood vessels, restore inner harmony and reduce anxiety. You can not perform asanas during which you need to twist your stomach, be in an inverted position or lie on your stomach, all other poses are not contraindicated. It is good if you have a partner who can support you if you lose your balance.

It is better to study with special video lessons for expectant mothers or sign up for a group for pregnant women. If you have not practiced yoga before, do not immediately try to perform difficult asanas. Do not try to bend as much as possible and “fold” into the desired position. Exercise should not cause you discomfort and even less pain.

How often should I do yoga at 22 weeks pregnant? Like walking in the fresh air, it is useful to practice yoga 3-5 days a week for 30 minutes. If you have been practicing for a long time, then you can perform asana complexes daily.

Swimming in the pool and water aerobics. Classes in water help strengthen muscles, improve the functioning of the lungs, heart, blood vessels. In the water, a pregnant woman does not risk falling and hitting her stomach. The muscles of the back and lower back are relaxed, which helps to reduce pain.

How often can you visit the pool? 3-5 times a week for 30 minutes. If you are not a good swimmer, classes should be with an instructor.

Run. Running in the second trimester is possible for expectant mothers who did it before pregnancy and during the first trimester. But you need to remember that now your body has changed. Its center of gravity has shifted, so you can lose balance and fall. Work out in comfortable shoes and only on special flat treadmills. If you haven't run before, then 22 weeks pregnant is not the best time to start. Consider other types of physical activity.

Is it possible to have sex?

Sex at 22 weeks is not contraindicated. On the contrary, it is useful, brings a lot of positive emotions to a woman, and her partner does not feel “abandoned”. It is impossible for a woman to lie on her back during sexual intercourse, all other positions are not contraindicated, you can even experiment.

However, if the expectant mother has some health problems, or the pregnancy is complicated, intimacy may be contraindicated. You need to consult a doctor.

Have your nails become softer or brittle? If so, they need to be protected. Wear gloves when washing dishes, doing housework, gardening.

Gaining too much weight? In no case do not try to fight this with a diet. The baby growing in your tummy needs energy and nutrients. Diets during pregnancy are often not only pointless, but also dangerous. Firstly, you can gain weight not due to excess fat deposits, but due to fluid retention, edema. Secondly, you will still lose the lion's share of the weight gain immediately after childbirth - when the baby and placenta leave your uterus. If you are concerned about very strong weight gain, do not do amateur activities, consult your doctor.

· Physical exercise is not only the movement of arms, legs and head. Regular exercise is important, but there are other muscles in your body that play the most important role during pregnancy and childbirth. Do Kegel pelvic floor exercises: they will help prevent complications during pregnancy and make childbirth easier.

· At the twenty-second week of pregnancy, many expectant mothers and fathers begin to think about the name for the child. The process of searching and choosing can be made very interesting and exciting. Here are some tips: remember the names of your favorite characters in books and films, look on the Internet for the meaning of different names, study your genealogy. You and your partner can sit down and write down on slips of paper which names you like, and then exchange the slips and compare the results.

· Treat yourself. When will it happen now! The entire second trimester is a great time when most expectant mothers feel great and full of energy. You can go on a short trip or arrange another interesting event for yourself.

· If you often suffer from lower back pain, it may be time to replace your mattress. Choose one that will support your spine in the correct position.

· You may have noticed that when you get up from a lying or sitting position, you begin to feel dizzy. This is due to the fact that, under the influence of gravity, the blood quickly flows away from the head. Do not get up abruptly, do it slowly so that your cardiovascular system has time to adjust to the change in body position.

Do you wear rings? It is better to take them off and put them in a closet or hang them around your neck on a chain before it's too late. If the swelling increases, the ring will become "small" and "stuck" on the finger.

What is body mass index, and what does it mean for a future mother?

Body mass index (BMI for short) is a measure obtained by dividing body weight in kilograms by the square of height in meters. It is used to determine how much a woman's weight before pregnancy is normal. BMI is interpreted as follows:

less than 18.5 - underweight;

18.5–24.9 - normal weight;

25–29.9 - overweight;

More than 30 - obesity.

Depending on the body mass index, the expectant mother gains weight in different ways. The higher the BMI, the lower the increase, and vice versa. With a very high BMI, pregnancy comes with some risks. The management of such women requires special attention from the antenatal clinic doctor.

If the BMI before pregnancy was 30 or more, the expectant mother has an increased risk of arterial hypertension, gestational diabetes, and the formation of blood clots (thrombi) in the vessels. The likelihood of developing these conditions increases in parallel with BMI.

If BMI is over 30

The expectant mother is referred for a consultation with a nutritionist. A specialist will help you create the right diet. For these women, physical activity is especially important. It is necessary to control blood pressure more often than usual, periodically conduct tests for glucose tolerance.

If BMI is over 40

All of the above measures are prescribed, in addition, the woman is referred for a consultation with an anesthesiologist, in case a caesarean section is required. Assign additional studies to assess the condition of the fetus.

If BMI is less than 18.5

First of all, doctors try to determine the cause. It may be associated with eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, depression, and other medical conditions that increase the risk of complications during pregnancy. A woman is referred for a consultation with a nutritionist, if necessary, with a psychotherapist. Additional ultrasound examinations are prescribed.

What research needs to be done?

At the twenty-second week of pregnancy, the doctor may invite you for a checkup. He will ask you about complaints, examine the stomach, measure its circumference, the height of the uterine fundus. The doctor will also measure your blood pressure, pulse rate, body temperature, examine your legs for swelling and varicose veins.

In what cases should you see a doctor?

If you have any incomprehensible symptoms at 22 weeks pregnant, you need to visit a doctor and, if necessary, be examined:

· Edema on the legs and in other places began to increase strongly.

· You suddenly started gaining weight very quickly, much faster than before.

Pregnancy symptoms such as heartburn, constipation, back pain, varicose veins are very strong and do not decrease despite the fact that you follow all the recommendations.

Signs of iron deficiency anemia: pallor, constant fatigue, dizziness, headaches.

· Increased blood pressure. To control it yourself, it is advisable to have a tonometer in the house and learn how to use it.

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